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Coffee Bean Types: Arabica, Robusta, Liberica, and Excelsa You've probably heard that different types produce different flavors. Learn about four of the most widely used varieties: Arabica. Robusta. Liberica. and Excelsa. Excelsa beans are a variety of Liberica that is cultivated exclusively in Southeast Asia. They have a more fruity, tarter taste profile and are frequently used in blends of beans to give them added depth. Arabica Arabica coffee beans account for 75% of the world's production. Arabica beans are more mild and sweeter than Robusta, and they are available in a variety of flavours. The flavor and aroma of coffee are affected by the conditions in the conditions it is grown and the processing methods used. The word “coffee” actually originates from the Arabic word for berry, and coffee beans are actually fruit seeds that are cultivated inside bright red berries. It is believed that ancient Ethiopian shepherds discovered that their goats were energy-rich after eating these fruit, and the cultivation of coffee quickly spread across the world. Coffee beans can flourish at high altitudes, and thrive in cold temperatures and plenty of rain. This is one of the main reasons that Arabica is regarded as the best tasting type of coffee. Many specialty coffee shops and roasters are focused on the ethical sourcing of arabica beans. They focus on fair wages for farmers and sustainable farming practices. These companies blend arabica beans to create unique signature coffees that can be used in different brewing methods. Blending is a way to control the flavour, aroma and body as well as the acidity of the coffee. It is usually preferred to create a balanced and consistent taste that appeals to a larger market. Robusta Robusta beans (Coffea canephora) are the second most commonly used variety of coffee bean cultivated worldwide. They have a higher caffeine content per bean than Arabica, and are more resistant to pests and disease. They also contain higher levels of chlorogenic acids, which are naturally-occurring antioxidants. However, these acids may cause oxidation in the process of brewing coffee and could result in unpleasant flavors. The plant itself is more durable than arabica and is able to thrive in less favorable climate conditions and at lower elevations. It is able to withstand higher temperatures and thrives in direct sun. coffeebeans coffeee.uk is faster growing and produces more coffee per plant than arabica, which makes it a cheaper crop to grow. Although it might seem odd Robusta beans are frequently combined with arabica to create coffee blends. If you've noticed the names of countries such as Uganda or Kenya listed on a coffee bag then it's likely that there's some robusta in there as well. Although some roasters exclusively use arabica beans, the majority use mix the two varieties in order to cut costs and maintain the quality. To preserve the integrity of flavor you should select a high quality bean from a reliable source. The best method to do this is to buy your beans directly from the farmer. Liberica Liberica beans have a shape similar to a football, that makes them different from other types of coffee beans. They are characterized by a smell that is fruity, floral and smokey. They are often added to other types of coffee beans to give them a deeper and more robust taste. Liberica coffee beans are grown in West Africa and Malaysia (Borneo) as well as in Southeast Asia. They are adaptable to humid, hot conditions and can be grown at low altitudes. They also have a better resistance to diseases than Arabica and Robusta. These attributes make them ideal to grow at home. It is possible to purchase the seeds online from a number of sources, but it's preferred to purchase them locally-owned producers to ensure the quality of the beans. The ideal conditions for the cultivation of Liberica coffee include fertile deep volcano soils that have a pH that is moderately acidic and adequate annual rainfall. Excelsa is a different variety of coffee bean. It was originally classified as a distinct species, but has since been reclassified as a Liberica variant. The coffee beans that are oval in shape are grown on large coffee plants that range from 20 to 30 feet in height at medium altitudes. Their distinctive flavor is tart and sour, making them a popular choice for blends made at home. They have a lighter aroma and higher caffeine content that is less than Arabica or Robusta but still have a distinct flavor. Excelsa Excelsa coffee beans aren't as widely used as Arabica and Robusta although they're fourth popular. They were considered to be an entirely different species of coffee up until 2006, when they were classified as a synonym for Coffea Liberica var. dewevrei. They are grown in Southeast Asia today and account for 7% of the global production of coffee. The coffee beans have a distinctive teardrop-shaped shape and possess a dark, mysterious flavor. These beans are commonly used to give blends additional body and a tangy taste of ripe fruit. Arabica beans are the most popular, and are well-known for their more sweetness. They thrive in tropical, warm climates and at high altitudes. They also have a bit of acidity. When roasted and brewed correctly, they can have notes like chocolate, nuts or even fruit. Robusta is the second most adored coffee in the world and is responsible for 40% of the coffee consumed in the world. These beans are smaller and rounder however they have twice the amount of caffeine as Arabica. They also have more bitterness than the other two varieties and are more likely to have woody and earthy undertones. After having a better understanding of the four most commonly used types of brew, it's time to choose your favorite brew. If you prefer a delicate and smooth flavor, choose an arabica bean or a blend comprised of robusta and arabica beans.